Stem cell calssification
1. Based upon location
Embryonic stem cells
Somatic/ adult stem cells
2. Based upon function
Totipotent
Pluripotent
Multipotent
Unipotent
Reject Response
Traditional Immuno-repressents
Constant administration
Little engraftment after 3~4 weeks
Host immune system impaired
Vulnerable to Infection
↓Need brief immuno-re
1908 - The term "stem cell" was proposed for scientific use by the Russian histologist Alexander Maksimov (1874–1928) at congress of hematologic society in Berlin. It postulated existence of haematopoietic stem cells.
1998 - James Thomson and coworkers derive the first human embryonic stem cell line at the University of Wisconsin–Madison.
2004–2005 - Korean researcher Hwan
1.1.2. Cyclooxygenase-prostanoid cascade
Figure 1.1. Metabolism of arachidonic acid
Despite the diverse chemical structure of aspirin-like drugs, the antinociceptive effect of NSAIDs is mainly due totheir common property of inhibiting cyclooxygenases involved in the formation of prostanoids. Prostanoids areformed by most cells and act as autocrine and paracrine lipid mediators. They are n
Mid-1800s - Beginning research of Embryo
1908 – ‘Stem Cell’ from Alexander Maksimov
1963 – Self reproducing cell
1978 – Found Blood stem cell
1981 - Embryonic stem cell
1998 - Human's embryonic stem cell
2001 – First human embryo cloning
(중략)
2.1 Adult Stem Cell - How?From Bone Marrow
HSCs and MSCs are rich in b
is found in many tissues in several alternatively spliced forms. The LEP gene is the human homolog of the gene (ob) mutant in the mouse 'obese' phenotype.
명칭
Leptin
구성
16kDa Protein
분비 장소
Adipose Tissue(지방세포)
유전 정보 위치
사람 : 7번 염색체, 쥐 : 6번 염색체
역할
호르몬으로써 시상하부로 가서 여러 가지 기작을 조절.
adipose tissue
Serve as a sense organ for cutaneous senses: pain, heat, cold, pressure, touch
Prevent entrance of foreign bodies: microorganisms.
Epidermis
Keratinocytes, melanocytes
About 0.2mm thickness
Provide vital barrier function
Maintain homeostasis
by constant recycling of the basal cell layer
Dermis
Fibroblasts
Constitutes the bulk of the skin
Composed of collage
요인
1. 유전자의 영향
- 게놈등가성(Genome Equivalance)
: 개체 내에 존재하는 모든 세포는 동일한 유전자를 가짐
- 유전자의 선택적인 발현(selective expression)에 의해 세포 분화 일어남.
- 즉, 전사(transcription) 단계의 조절에 의해 조직-특이적 단백질 (tissue-specific protein)을 합성.
tissue 내에 가장 많이 존재한다.
② collagenous, reticular, elastic fiber를 만든다.
③ amorphous intercellular substance에서 glycosaminoglycan과 glycoprotein을 합성한다.
④ flat form, spindle-shaped
⑤ 조직 재생에 관여한다. 창상 치유 시에 이 세포가 섬유성 물질들과 기타 결합조직을 메워 넣는다.(흉 지는 것은 fibroblast가 처음
cell type. For plant cells, enrichment with nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium is especially important. Water is provided as a constituent part of the gel media.
Uses
A plant cell callus consists of somatic undifferentiated cells from an adult subject plant.
A callus is not necessarily genetically homogeneous because a callus is often made from structural tissue, not individual cells. Nevert
Discovery of the iPS cell
Expect to solve the problems of ES cells
How to think?
Active factor(protein) in ES cells skin cells
Aug, 2006, Pro. Yamanaka ’s laboratory in Kyoto produced ‘pluripotent cells’
Nov, 2007, the first Human iPS cells
iPS cells are a type of pluripotent stem cell
artificially derived from a differentiated cell,
by inducing a “forced”